Materials and Methods of Sculpture

1. THE ANATOMY OF SCULPTURE A Definition of Sculpture Materials of Sculpture Forms of Sculpture The Subject Matter of Sculpture Technique The Studio 2. THE PLASTIC EARTHS Terra Cotta Preparation of Natural Earth-Clays Modeling with the Plastic Earths Casting with the Plastic Earths Firing Color in Ceramic Sculpture 3. PLASTIC WAX Modeling Wax Carving Wax Composition Clay 4. PLASTER OF PARIS Historical Chemical and Physical Nature Advantages and Disadvantages of Plaster of Paris Mixing Plaster Phenomenon of Setting Hardening and Strengthening Plaster Casts Porosity of Casts Surface Treatment of Plaster Coloring of Plaster Soluble Plaster Negatives Use as a Mold Material for the Castling of Nonferrous Metals Tesso Duro Carving Plaster Modeling with Plaster Storing Plaster 5. CASTING Negative Molds Agar Gelatine or Glue Molds Korogel Plaster of Paris Rubber Molds Sulphur Negative Molds Wax Molds 6. METAL Sculptural Use of Metals Physical Characteristics of Metal Alloys Alluminum Antimony Brass Bronze Copper Gold Iron Lead Nickel Palladium Pewter Platinum Silver Steel Tin Wood's Metal Zinc 7. SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALS Bidri Bronzing Damascening Electroplating Etching Inlaying Niello The Patination of Metals Cleaning Bronze or Brass Polishing Metal Lacquering Metal 8. STONE Origins Granite Limestone Sandstone Marble Boulders Miscellaneous Igneous Miscellaneous Sedimentary Miscellaneous Metamorphic Miscellaneous Minerals Porosity and Outdoor Exposure The Weathering and Preservation of Stone The Durability of Marble on Outdoor Exposure The Durability of Igneous Stones on Outdoor Exposure 9. SCULPTURE IN STONE Tools and Equipment Methods of Approach to Stone Carving The Carving and Treatment of Stone 10. WOOD Nature of Wood Varieties of Wood Weight Sculpture in Wood Seasoning Wood Shrinkage Factors Preservation Finishes Staining Imitation of Graining 11. OTHER SCULPTURAL MATERIALS Amber Brick Butter Coal Concrete Glass Horn and Bone Ice and Snow Ivory Lacquer Lime Mortar Oxychloride or Magnesite Cements Oxysulphate Cements Papier Mâché Plastics Soap Terrazzo APPENDIX Scale of Hardness Hydrometry Melting Points of Metals and Alloys Specific Gravity Temperature Conversion Factors Temperature Equivalents of Cones Millimeters into Inches Conversion of Specific Gravity into Ounces and Grams BIBLIOGRAPHY GLOSSARY INDEX